The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II Author: [France] Fernand Braudel Publisher: The Commercial Press

Fernand Braudel (August 24, 1902 - November 27, 1985) is a famous historian of the second generation of the French Annales School. His representative work is The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II.

In 1920, he entered the Faculty of Letters of the University of Paris to study history and graduated in 1923. After a period of teaching in a middle school abroad, he met Febvre, one of the founders of the Annales School, when he returned to China in 1937 and began to be influenced by him. After the outbreak of World War II, he was drafted into the army and was captured by the German army in 1940. He was held in a prisoner-of-war camp for nearly five years, where he began to write the first draft of "The Mediterranean and the Mediterranean World in the Age of Philip II", which became his doctoral thesis in 1947 and passed the examination. It was published in 1949. In 1946, he joined the editorial board of the Annales journal, and later founded the sixth department of the Higher Institute for Experimental Studies (the predecessor of the Higher School of Social Sciences) with Febvre. He served as the director of the department from 1956 to 1972. In 1984, he was elected as a member of the French Academy and died the following year.