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A Theory of Justice (revised edition) Author: John Rawls Publisher: Chinese Social Sciences Press Original title: A Theory of Justice
A Theory of Justice (revised edition) Author: John Rawls Publisher: Chinese Social Sciences Press Original title: A Theory of Justice
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Description
Introduction · · · · · ·
Utilitarianism is dominant in modern political and moral philosophy. Other theories, such as intuitionism, do not offer a competing view of justice and morality. A Theory of Justice advocates replacing utilitarianism with a more abstract social contract theory. Its starting point is that the basic structure of society is the subject of justice; people must first agree on the principles of social institutions before reaching other agreements. However, this contract is not an actual historical act, but the result of choice in a hypothetical original state, which is the choice of mutually indifferent individuals behind the veil of ignorance. The goal of the contract is to choose a fundamental moral principle to guide the design of the basic structure of society, namely the principle of justice. The direct test of the chosen principles is to see whether the social institutions arranged according to them are consistent with people's intuitive judgments; another test is to see whether they are consistent with people's purposes. This gives rise to the three parts of this book: theory, system, and purpose.
About the Author · · · · · ·
John Rawls (1921-2002) is a famous contemporary American philosopher, ethicist, political scientist and professor at Harvard University. Born in Maryland in 1921, he studied at Princeton University and received his Ph.D. in philosophy from the university in 1950. He later taught at Princeton University (1950-1952), Cornell University (1953-1962) and Harvard University (1962-2002). Rawls has devoted himself to the study of social justice since the 1950s. A Theory of Justice (1971) is a complete and consistent theoretical work that is a collection of the essence of his papers and a rethinking process. Rawls has also published other monographs: Political Liberalism (1993), The Law of Peoples (1999) and Lectures on the History of Moral Philosophy (2000). "A Theory of Justice" has been hailed as the most important theoretical work in the field of political philosophy and ethics since World War II, and will be included in the list of historical classics.
